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ADME is an abbreviation in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, and describes the disposition of a pharmaceutical compound within an organism.

describing a drug, antibiotic agent, physical process, radiation, etc. that is inimical to microbes.

a medicinal product such as a vaccine, somatic cell, gene therapy, tissue, recombinant therapeutic protein, or living cells that are used as therapeutics to treat diseases. They can be composed of sugars, proteins, or nucleic acids or complex combinations of these substances, or may be living entities such as cells and tissues.

materials (synthetic and natural; solid and sometimes liquid) that are used in medical devices or in contact with biological systems.

is basic research into cancer in order to identify causes and develop strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatments and cure.

X-ray computed tomography, also computed tomography (CT scan), is an imaging procedure that uses computer-processed X-rays to produce tomographic images or ‘slices’ of specific areas of the body. These cross-sectional images are used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in various research or clinical applications. Digital geometry processing is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the inside of an object from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.

in eukaryotic cells, a multifaceted response to counteract the potentially deleterious effects of DNA damage. In addition to checkpoint activation, the DNA damage response leads to induction of transcriptional programs, enhancement of DNA repair pathways, and when the level of damage is severe, to initiation of apoptosis.

refers to approaches, formulations, technologies, and systems for transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the body as needed to safely achieve its desired therapeutic effect.

the set of operations that aim to create a physical system which contains the drug, in order to meet the quality requirements set in advance (specifications) and ensuring the maintenance of efficacy and safety characteristics of the active substance.

Induced pluripotent stem cells, commonly abbreviated as iPS cells or iPSCs, are a type of pluripotent stem cell artificially derived from a non-pluripotent cell – typically an adult somatic cell – by inducing a “forced” expression of specific genes. iPSCs are an important advance in stem cell research, as they may allow researchers to obtain pluripotent stem cells, which are important in research and potentially have therapeutic uses, without the use of embryos.